Title: | Assessing NEXRAD P3 data effects on stream-flow simulation using SWAT model in an agricultural watershed |
Authors: | Gali, R.K., K. R. Douglas-Mankin, X. Li and T. Xu |
Year: | 2012 |
Journal: | Journal of Hydrologic Engineering |
Volume (Issue): | 17(11) |
Pages: | 1-22 |
Article ID: | |
DOI: | 10.1061/(ASCE)HE.1943-5584.0000618 |
URL (non-DOI journals): | |
Model: | SWAT |
Broad Application Category: | hydrologic only |
Primary Application Category: | climate data effects |
Secondary Application Category: | hydrologic assessment |
Watershed Description: | 2,400.2 km^2 North Fork Ninnescah River (above Cheney Reservoir), a tributary of the Arkansas River located in south central Kansas, U.S. |
Calibration Summary: | |
Validation Summary: | |
General Comments: | |
Abstract: | Radar-derived NEXRAD Process 3 (P3) data offer high spatial resolution precipitation data that might improve stream-flow simulation accuracy using watershed models. The objective of this study was to assess the performance of spatially averaged subwatershed-specific P3 data on stream-flow simulations using the Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) hydrologic model. This study was the first to evaluate the P3 product in watershed modeling. The SWAT model was chosen to simulate hydrological processes in North Fork Ninnescah Watershed (2400 km^2) located in south-central Kansas. A precipitation gauge (PG) station was created for each subwatershed using an area-weighted average of P3 precipitation estimates for all 16-km^2 grid cells intersecting the subwatershed. Average subwatershed area (19 km^2) was selected to correspond roughly with NEXRAD cell area to minimize spatial aggregation of radar precipitation data. The SWAT model was calibrated with both P3 data and PG data from 1 January 2002 to 31 December 2008. The P3-calibrated model was validated using both different precipitation source data for the same simulation period (2002-2008) and the same source data with an independent simulation period (1996-2001). The PG-calibrated model yielded slightly higher Nash-Sutcliffe efficiency (ENS), both daily (0.40) and monthly (0.60), than the P3-calibrated model (daily: 0.35, monthly: 0.52); percent bias was very good (<2%) for both P3- and PG-calibrated models at all time scales. Validation ENS results, however, were diminished using PG data with the P3-calibrated model (daily: 0.27, monthly: 0.52) but remained similar using P3 data with the PG-calibrated model (daily: 0.40, monthly: 0.52). The PG data appeared to demonstrate variable
uncertainty among stations that was not evident for the P3 data, providing incentive for the use of P3 data. This
study found evidence that the SWAT model, when run using more spatially representative precipitation data (in this
case, P3), was less sensitive to minor variations in model calibration parameters. Based on this initial assessment of
P3 data for hydrologic modeling, bias adjustment to reduce the impact of a small number of extreme P3 precipitation values may have improved results, but was not required to produce watershed-outlet stream flow results similar to using PG data in this study. |
Language: | English |
Keywords: | Hydrologic modeling, precipitation gauge, radar, spatial resolution |