| Title: | Integrated water quality management model for the rural transboundary river basin - A case study of the Sulta/Solta River |
| Authors: | Ćosić-Flajsig, G., B. Karleuša and M. Glavan |
| Year: | 2021 |
| Journal: | Water |
| Volume (Issue): | 13(8) |
| Pages: | |
| Article ID: | 2569 |
| DOI: | 10.3390/w13182569 |
| URL (non-DOI journals): | |
| Model: | SWAT |
| Broad Application Category: | hydrologic and pollutant |
| Primary Application Category: | pollutant cycling/loss and transport |
| Secondary Application Category: | climate change |
| Watershed Description: | 590.6 km^2 Sutla River, a transboundary river that is a tributary of the Sava River which drains part of eastern Slovenia (78%) and northern Croatia (22%). |
| Calibration Summary: | |
| Validation Summary: | |
| General Comments: | The Sutla River (Croatian name) is known as the Sotla River in Slovenian. |
| Abstract: | The intensive use of soil and water resources results in a disbalance between the environ- mental and economic objectives of the river basin. The water quality management model supports good water status, especially downstream of dams and reservoirs, as in the case of the Sutla/Sotla river basin. This research aims to develop a new, improved integrated water quality management model of rural transboundary basins to achieve environmental objectives and protection of the Natura 2000 sites. The model uses river basin pressure analysis to assess the effects of climate and hydrological extreme impacts, and a programme of basic and supplementary measures. The impact assessment of BASE MODEL, PAST, and FUTURE scenarios was modelled using the soil and water assessment tool (SWAT) based on land use, climate and hydrological data, climate change, presence or lack of a reservoir, and municipal wastewater and agriculture measures. Eight future climate change scenarios were obtained with optimistic (RCP4.5) and pessimistic (RCP8.5) forecasts for two periods (2020–2050 and 2070–2100), both with and without a reservoir. The model shows that the most significant impacts on the waterbody come from the nutrients and sediment hotspots, also shows the risk of not achieving good water status, and water eutrophication risk. The modelled average annual increase in sediment is from 4 to 25% and in total N from 1 to 8%, while the change in total P is from −5 to 6%. The conducted analysis provides a base for the selection of tailor-made measures from the catalogue of the supplementary measures that will be outlined in future research. |
| Language: | English |
| Keywords: | environmental objectives WFD; integrated water quality management model; good water status; rural transboundary river basin; Sutla/Sotla; climate change; scenarios; SWAT; measures |