| Title: | Water budget analysis considering surface water–groundwater interactions in the exploitation of seasonally varying agricultural groundwater |
| Authors: | Chang, S.W. and I.-M. Chung |
| Year: | 2021 |
| Journal: | Hydrology |
| Volume (Issue): | 8(2) |
| Pages: | |
| Article ID: | 60 |
| DOI: | 10.3390/hydrology8020060 |
| URL (non-DOI journals): | |
| Model: | SWAT |
| Broad Application Category: | hydrologic only |
| Primary Application Category: | model and/or data interface |
| Secondary Application Category: | groundwater and/or soil water impacts |
| Watershed Description: | 198 km^2 Musimcheon River, a tributary of the Mihocheon River (and larger Geum River system) in South Korea. |
| Calibration Summary: | |
| Validation Summary: | |
| General Comments: | |
| Abstract: | In South Korea, groundwater intended for use in greenhouse cultivation is collected from
shallow riverside aquifers as part of agricultural activities during the winter season. This study
quantified the effects of intensive groundwater intake on aquifers during the winter and examined
the roles of nearby rivers in this process. Observation data were collected for approximately two
years from six wells and two river-level observation points on the study site. Furthermore, the
river water levels before and after the weir structures were examined in detail, because they are
determined by artificial structures in the river. The structures have significant impacts on the inflow
and outflow from the river to the groundwater reservoirs. As a result, a decline in groundwater levels
owing to groundwater depletion was observed during the water curtain cultivation (WCC) period in
the winter season. In addition, we found that the groundwater level increased owing to groundwater
recharge due to rainfall and induced recharge by rivers during the spring–summer period after the
end of the WCC period. MODFLOW, a three-dimensional difference model, was used to simulate the
groundwater level decreases and increases around the WCC area in Cheongwon-gun. Time-variable
recharge data provided by the soil and water assessment tool model, SWAT for watershed hydrology,
was used to determine the amount of groundwater recharge that was input to the groundwater model.
The groundwater level time series observations collected from observation wells during the two-year
simulation period (2012 to 2014) were compared with the simulation values. In addition, to determine
the groundwater depletion of the entire demonstration area and the sustainability of the WCC, the
quantitative water budget was analyzed using integrated hydrologic analysis. The result indicated
that a 2.5 cm groundwater decline occurred on average every year at the study site. Furthermore, an
analysis method that reflects the stratification and boundary conditions of underground aquifers,
hydrogeologic properties, hydrological factors, and artificial recharge scenarios was established and
simulated with injection amounts of 20%, 40%, and 60%. This study suggested a proper artificial
recharge method of injecting water by wells using riverside groundwater in the study area. |
| Language: | English |
| Keywords: | water curtain cultivation; surface–groundwater interaction; MODFLOW; water budget
analysis |