| Title: | Hydrological extremes and responses to climate change in the Kelantan River Basin, Malaysia, based on the CMIP6 HighResMIP Experiments |
| Authors: | Tan, M.L., J. Liang, N. Samat, N.W. Chan, J.M. Haywood and K. Hodges |
| Year: | 2021 |
| Journal: | Water |
| Volume (Issue): | 13(11) |
| Pages: | |
| Article ID: | 1472 |
| DOI: | 10.3390/w13111472 |
| URL (non-DOI journals): | |
| Model: | SWAT |
| Broad Application Category: | hydrologic only |
| Primary Application Category: | climate change |
| Secondary Application Category: | extreme low and/or high flows/events |
| Watershed Description: | 12,685 km^2 Kelantan River, which drains 85% of Kelantan State in northern Peninsular Malaysia. |
| Calibration Summary: | |
| Validation Summary: | |
| General Comments: | |
| Abstract: | This study introduces a hydro-climatic extremes assessment framework that combines
the latest climate simulations from the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 6 (CMIP6)
HighResMIP with the Soil and Water Assessment (SWAT) model, and examines the influence of
the different climate model resolutions. Sixty-six hydrological and environmental flow indicators
from the Indicators of Hydrologic Alteration (IHA) were computed to assess future extreme flows
in the Kelantan River Basin (KRB), Malaysia, which is particularly vulnerable to flooding. Results
show that the annual precipitation, streamflow, maximum and minimum temperatures are projected
to increase by 6.9%, 9.9%, 0.8 C and 0.9 C, respectively, by the 2021–2050 period relative to the
1985–2014 baseline. Monthly precipitation and streamflow are projected to increase especially for the
Southwest Monsoon (June–September) and the early phase of the Northeast Monsoon (December)
periods. The magnitudes of the 1-, 3-, 7-, 30- and 90-day minima flows are projected to increase
by 7.2% to 8.2% and the maxima flows by 10.4% to 28.4%, respectively. Lastly, changes in future
hydro-climatic extremes are frequently quite different between the high-resolution and low-resolution
models, e.g., the high-resolution models projected an increase of 11.8% in mean monthly flow in
November-December-January compared to 3.2% for the low-resolution models. |
| Language: | English |
| Keywords: | climate change; CMIP6; extreme; SWAT; flood; IHA; global warming; drought; Malaysia; Kelantan |