| Title: | Evaluating various low-impact development scenarios for optimal design criteria development |
| Authors: | Seo, M., F. Jaber and R. Srinivasan |
| Year: | 2017 |
| Journal: | Water |
| Volume (Issue): | 9(4) |
| Pages: | |
| Article ID: | 270 |
| DOI: | 10.3390/w9040270 |
| URL (non-DOI journals): | |
| Model: | SWAT |
| Broad Application Category: | hydrologic and pollutant |
| Primary Application Category: | urban stormwater and/or BMP assessment |
| Secondary Application Category: | nutrient cycling/loss and transport |
| Watershed Description: | 35 km^2 subwatershed of Clear Creek, which drains portions of the cities of League City and Friendswood in southeast Texas, U.S. |
| Calibration Summary: | |
| Validation Summary: | |
| General Comments: | |
| Abstract: | Low-impact development (LID) practices as a new approach to urban stormwater
management have demonstrated their positive effects through the reduction of surface runoff volumes
and pollutant loadings in a substantial amount of research. The effectiveness of LID practices can
be affected by various LID conditions such as type, location, and area. Cost is also an important
factor to be considered in the evaluation of LID effects. This study presented the optimal LID
conditions that can achieve targeted reduction goals with minimal cost, and analyzed the effectiveness
of LID practices under optimal LID conditions and the consequential cost on a watershed scale.
To determine cost-effective LID conditions, three types of LID practices (rain gardens, rainwater
harvesting tanks, and permeable pavements), two locations (residential and commercial areas),
and percent allocation of LID practices were considered. Manual optimization was conducted under
those LID conditions for five targeted reduction goals which were set for surface runoff and nutrient
loadings. The results provided various configurations of cost-effective conditions in treating the
targeted goals, and represented the impacts of the optimized LID conditions on the effectiveness
of LID practices and the consequential cost. The present study could ultimately assist regulators in
establishing proper watershed-scale strategies of LID conditions for effectively managing watersheds |
| Language: | English |
| Keywords: | low-impact development (LID) conditions; effectiveness of LID practices; manual optimization; cost; watershed management |